How to deal with the defects of laser welding machine

With the continuous innovation of laser welding machines, more and more general-purpose equipment suitable for popularization appears. In the future, laser welding machines may enter thousands of households like electric welding machines and become a common equipment. Unlike all welding, laser welding There are certain advantages and techniques to prevent and reduce the disadvantages of welding.

 

 

Cracks:

The cracks that occur in laser welding are mainly thermal cracks, crystallization cracks, liquefaction cracks, cracks caused by impurities and foreign matter, etc. The main reason for the occurrence is that the welding seam has a large shrinkage force before it is completely solidified. Wire filling, preheating , and other methods can reduce or eliminate cracks.

 

Porosity:

Porosity is a disadvantage that easily occurs in laser welding. The molten pool of laser welding is deep and narrow, and the cooling rate is fast. The gas generated in the liquid molten pool does not have sufficient time to escape, which easily leads to the formation of pores. However, laser welding cools quickly, and the porosity that occurs is generally smaller than that of traditional fusion welding.

Solution: Cleaning the surface of the workpiece before welding can reduce porosity, inert gas protection can reduce metal oxidation reaction to inhibit the occurrence of porosity, and the laser blowing point of view and the welding bead maintain an included angle of 30-45 degrees, and do not block light and do not connect with the fixture. In the case of bumping, it is better to be close to the weld bead.

 

Spatter:

The spatter generated by laser welding seriously affects the surface quality of the weld, and will contaminate and damage the lens. The important factor of spatter is proportional to the focal length of the laser and has a direct relationship with the power density.

Solution: The selection of different welding parameters requires re-adjustment of the welding focus. The focus can be changed in turn, and the welding power can be reduced to reduce spatter. When the penetration is insufficient and the power is equal, the welding speed can be reduced to achieve the purpose of increasing the penetration.

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